Transesterification of Pyrolysed Castor Seed Oil in the Presence of CaCu(OCH3)2 Catalyst

Energy consumption is on the rise due to rapid technological progress and a higher standard of living. The use alternative energy resources essential meet rising demand mitigate carbon emissions caused fossil-based fuels. Biodiesel produced from non-edible oils such as castor seed oil (CO) can be used in diesel engines replace fossil diesel. However, quality yields for CO biodiesel low presence ricinolic acid C18:1OH (79%). In this study, two-stage conversion techniques were improve properties biodiesel. catalyst CaCu(OCH3)2 was prepared waste eggshell synthesized with copper oxide methanol. subjected pyrolysis at 450–500 °C then transesterified modified catalyst. reaction parameters methanol-to-oil ratio time investigated, optimum combination produce oil. Results showed that cetane number oxidation stability increased by 7% 42% respectively. viscosity, density, flash point, iodine value decreased 52%, 3%, 5% 6%, calorific values remained same. This study suggests pyrolyzed followed transesterification gave better fuel than conventional process production.